National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
The Hon'ble Prime Minister launched the NRHM on 12th April, 2005 throughout the country with special focus on 18 States, including eight Empowered Action Group (EAG) States, the North eastern States, Jammu & Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. NRHM seeks to provide accessible affordable and quality health care in the rural population especially the vulnerable sections. It also seeks to reduce the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) in the country from 407 to 1,00,000 live births, infant and the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) from 3.0 to 2.1 within the 7year period of the mission. The key features in order to achieve the goals of the Mission include making the public health delivery system fully functional and accountable to the community, human resources management, community involvement. Decentralization, rigorous monitoring & evaluation against standards, convergence of health and health related programmes from village level upwards, innovations and flexible financing and also interventions for improving the health indicators.
The Vision of the Mission
1. To provide effective healthcare to rural population throughout the country with special focus on 18 states, which have weak public health indicators and/or weak infrastructure.
2. 18 special focus states are Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Jammu and Kashmir, Manipur, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Madhya Pradesh, Nagaland, Orissa, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttaranchal and Uttar Pradesh.
3. To raise public spending on health from 0.9% GDP to 2-3% of GDP, with improved arrangement for community financing and risk pooling.
4. To undertake architectural correction of the health system to enable it to effectively handle increased allocations and promote policies that strengthen public health management and service delivery in the country.
5. To revitalize local health traditions and mainstream AYUSH into the public health system.
6. Effective integration of health concerns through decentralized management at district, with determinants of health like sanitation and hygiene, nutrition, safe drinking water, gender and social concerns.
7. Address Inter State and Inter district disparities.
8. Time bound goals and report publicly on progress.
9. To improve access to rural people, especially poor women and children to equitable, affordable, accountable and effective primary health care.
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